The long-term effectiveness of periodontal splint materials in stabilizing mobile teeth remains a critical consideration in clinical dentistry. This in vivo study aimed to compare the clinical performance, durability, and patient-reported outcomes of four commonly used periodontal splint materials over a three-year period. Eighty patients presenting with moderate to severe tooth mobility in the anterior region were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive splints fabricated from composite resin, fiber-reinforced composite, metal-reinforced acrylic, or polycarbonate-based materials. Clinical parameters, including plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, tooth mobility, and splint integrity, were assessed at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, and 36 months. Patient-reported satisfaction, comfort, and functional improvement were also recorded using standardized questionnaires.

Results indicated that all four materials effectively reduced tooth mobility during the follow-up period; however, significant differences were observed in material longevity and patient satisfaction. Fiber-reinforced composite and metal-reinforced acrylic splints demonstrated the highest structural integrity, with 92% and 88% remaining intact at three years, respectively. Composite resin and polycarbonate splints exhibited higher rates of fracture or debonding, with 65% and 70% survival at the final evaluation. Patient comfort was rated highest for fiber-reinforced composite splints, while metal-reinforced acrylic was associated with minor discomfort related to rigidity. No significant differences were observed in gingival health or plaque accumulation among the groups.